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Frequent and intense adverse weather resulting from climate change can lead to high fluctuations in crop yields. However, sowing dates can be adjusted to avoid adverse weather and thereby mitigate crop yield fluctuation. To elucidate the relationship between the sowing date and fluctuations in maize (Zea mays L.) yield, this study evaluated the effect of weather conditions, including adverse weather

Haloxylon ammodendron as a key sand - fixing tree species in the oasis - desert ecotone of arid regions, its degradation seriously threatens regional ecological security. In this study, by integrating heat diffusion technology, isotope tracing, and multi - environmental factor monitoring, the water - use strategies of H. ammodendron forests with different degradation degrees and their response mechanisms

Knowledge of the vertical plant area index (PAI) profile is critical for understanding the forest structural and functional characteristics. Vertical PAI profile has been retrieved by the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) spaceborne LiDAR. However, large-scale validation of the GEDI PAI profile products is limited, and their performance has yet to be clearly established. This study aims

Eddy covariance (EC) measurements of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) fluxes are commonly used to determine CO2 balances of ecosystems. However, comparisons between experimental treatments, environmental controls or measurement sites are not meaningful without proper uncertainty estimates for the balances. We studied how random and systematic errors depend on the amount of missing data and whether the uncertainty

The Grain for Green Project in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) has greatly increased vegetation cover and altered land use patterns. However, the effects of evapotranspiration (ET) from different vegetation types on local and downwind precipitation remain unclear. In this study, we employed a moisture tracking model to quantify the contributions of ET-driven moisture recycling to precipitation change

Root water uptake and leaf-level intrinsic water-use efficiency (WUEi) and their temporal variations are important determinates of plant water balance and carbon fixation, yet these processes in humid forest trees are much less explored. We investigated the monthly variations in xylem and soil water isotopes (δ18O, δ2H), leaf carbon isotope (δ13C), soil, xylem and leaf water contents as well as the

Climate has a profound impact on crop productivity, but its effects are difficult to measure due to significant spatial and temporal variability. This study explores a wide range of climatic indices that represent the various conditions affecting corn growth across the United States. By employing clustering techniques, we categorized rainfed corn-growing regions into distinct zones based on similar

Microalgae biomass shows notable promise as a liquid biofuel source with a lower carbon footprint. However, for large-scale commercialization, increasing lipid yield, especially by utilizing waste resources in a circular bioeconomy framework is critical to ensuring both efficiency and environmental sustainability. This study presents a novel approach to enhance sustainable biodiesel production from

Ethylene glycol (EG) and 1,2-propylene glycol (1,2-PG) are very important chemicals that are produced mainly from fossil resources at present. Catalytic hydrogenolysis of biomass (such as cellulose and sugar alcohols) to diols has attracted much attention in recent years. However, compared to sugar alcohols, sugars such as xylose have been scarcely used for the production of EG and PG until now due

Rice straw, a byproduct of rice cultivation, is a significant agricultural biomass residue with limited uses. This study explores a novel process to utilize rice straw by converting it into bio-oil through direct thermal liquefaction. The choice of solvent is crucial in the liquefaction process. Therefore, this research investigates the direct thermal liquefaction of rice straw using three different

Ethyl levulinate is an oxygenated fuel derived from biomass, offering significant advantages in reducing engine emissions and enhancing performance. Therefore, deeply understanding its production technologies and practical engineering applications is essential for enhancing its use and scalability in clean energy systems. This paper examines ethyl levulinate market trends, economic viability, production

The pyrolysis of agricultural and forestry waste for biochar production is an effective method for resource utilization and carbon sequestration. The diversity of these wastes leads to variations in biochar properties, limiting its applications. In recent years, machine learning (ML) models have been developed to predict biochar properties. However, there is currently a lack of a generalized predictive

Iceland’s natural woodlands are dominated by the downy birch (Betula pubescens), while the dwarf birch (B. nana) is common in shrublands. These two species are the local sources of allergenic pollen that, however, may also be transported from outside Iceland (distant sources). This study aims to detect long-distance pollen transport, elucidate its mechanisms, and assess the relative contributions of

The moisture content of litter, woody debris and living vegetation controls the ignition and spread of fires and the composition of fire emissions. Since many forests in Central Europe were not considered fire-prone, very few observations and knowledge about fuel moisture content (FMC) are available. In this study, we aim to evaluate the representativeness of (i) continuous FMC measurements from in

The vapor pressure deficit (VPD), an indicator of atmospheric dryness, is a critical environmental factor influencing terrestrial ecosystem evapotranspiration (ET), with the energy required for ET being supplied by latent heat flux (LE). VPD significantly affects regional and global climate systems by altering surface energy allocation. Under ongoing global warming, VPD is expected to increase continuously

Understanding the responses of vegetation phenology to climate change is of great importance in predicting land-atmosphere carbon and water exchange. Previous studies have revealed a delayed start of the growing season (SOS) in most African regions over the past three decades, contrasting with the advancing trend observed in the Northern Hemisphere. However, the climatic drivers of this SOS delay in

The Green View Index (GVI) is a critical metric for assessing urban environments and has significant implications for enhancing residents’ well-being and promoting urban ecological health. Extracting GVI using street view images (SVIs) is a common practice. However, since urban street greenery generally undergoes a continuous change over time, solely using SVIs that are spatiotemporally sparse would

In this study, we introduce a sustainable, chemical-free method for synthesizing high-surface-area carbon materials by impregnating lignocellulosic biomass with biochar. This process enhances the surface area from 151?m2/g to 377?m2/g, representing a 2.4-fold increase, and achieves a CO2 adsorption capacity of approximately 37?mg/g. XRD analysis confirms the presence of amorphous carbon, silica, and

As urbanization intensifies, maintaining and enhancing biodiversity within limited urban spaces becomes increasingly challenging and critical. Urban green roofs have emerged as an important opportunity for expanding green spaces and conserving biodiversity. This study evaluated the biodiversity of green roofs in Hong Kong by benchmarking comparable natural sites. Over the course of a year, we monitored

Urbanization is increasing worldwide, driving the expansion of urban areas and resulting in habitat loss, fragmentation, and changes in environmental conditions. Despite these pressures, urban landscapes can still support biodiversity, provide essential ecosystem services and contribute to conservation. Several metrics exist to characterize landscapes, but the spatial scale at which they are relevant

This study investigated co-gasification of municipal sludge (MS) and black liquor (BL) in supercritical water for hydrogen production and pollution handling. The influence of the blending ratio (0–100?%), alkali content of BL (10?%, 20?%), reaction time (5–40?min), reaction temperature (400–600?°C) and total concentration (5-20?wt%) was investigated through thermodynamic analysis and experimental study

Mesoporous aluminosilicate nanoparticles synthesized using metakaolin with Sapindus rarak (Spr) extract as a natural template were impregnated with 5?% NiO to convert waste cooking oil into green diesel. The Si/Al molar ratios of mesoporous aluminosilicate were varied from 30 to 60 to study the effect of acidity. NiO was well dispersed on the aluminosilicate, with sizes ranging from 12.5 to 16.6?nm

This issue covers the ExCo94 meeting and the associated Conference on "Bioenergy and Bioproducts: Accelerating the Transition Towards Sustainability", which were held in?October 2024 in S?o Paulo, Brazil. It also features an article by IEA Bioenergy Task 36 (Waste and Circular Economy)?on "Food Losses and Waste: A Global Challenge"

Click on the article title to read more.

Click on the article title to read more.

Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of drought episodes, altering regional aridity levels. Previous studies have focused on the temporary impacts of seasonal drought on nocturnal sap flow, but how long-term site aridity levels and species-specific stomatal behaviors influence nocturnal sap flow remains unclear. Here, we monitored sap flux density and relevant environmental factors

The pressing need to phase out fossil fuels requires the adoption of novel biofuels derived from alternative raw materials, known as advanced biofuels. Crude glycerol is considered a promising feedstock, satisfying several technical and environmental criteria. Coupled with certain socio-economic factors, this can facilitate the provision of sustainable biofuel solutions in developing regions, where

Hierarchical porous carbons (HPC) are effective in removing dyes and antibiotics from wastewater, but their production primarily relies on tedious, high-pollution, and costly template methods. Here, a facile and efficient two-step method was developed to prepare HPC from natural wood. The process involves alkaline pretreatment to form a porous and exposed natural structure, followed by CO2 activation

This study evaluated the feasibility of applying machine learning models to a laboratory dataset to predict the glucose yield from enzymatic hydrolysis of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) fiber based on its chemical composition. EFB samples were subjected to various water pretreatments before hydrolysis, and glucose yield was measured using HPLC. Multiple nonlinearities between chemical composition

pH regulation is a commonly used strategy to produce short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) or methane (CH4) in anaerobic fermentation. However, the mechanism of such pH regulation with rumen microbes to produce SCFAs or CH4 are still unclear. Thus, this study explored the effects of dynamic pH (initial pH 7.0) and constant pH (7.0 and 10) regulation strategies on SCFA or CH4 production. Results showed that

In recent years, as the livestock industry has expanded, significant amounts of aquaculture wastewater and manure have been produced. Aquaculture wastewater is typically high in total nitrogen, contains hard-to-degrade organic compounds, and has a deep coloration, making it challenging for conventional biological treatment methods to achieve stable and effective results. To address these challenges

This study investigated the effects of oxygen concentration (0.5–10?%) during biochar production on its characteristics and capacity for sulfamethazine adsorption. The biochar was produced from cattle manure, which was either pretreated with ZnCl2 or left untreated, and subsequently pyrolyzed at different temperatures. Increasing oxygen concentration during pyrolysis led to biochar oxidation, which